原标题：派币调查实录：用手机 “挖矿”的Online casino and How to find it ，靠“画饼”就圈到了近两千万活跃用户

　　“间隔24小时点一点，手机就能免费挖矿，我能挖到一点币，你也能分到一点币！”

　　“现在每个派币（Pi）值100美元，现在我们挖的币就等于是原始股，以后的价格会和比特币看齐的。挖币需趁早！”

　　在一个“派币交流”微信群里，记者看到许多币友沉迷于手机挖派币。

　　在比特币“造富神话”的刺激下，互联网平台催生出花样百出的各种虚拟币，它们被赋予“十倍币”“百倍币”的想象空间。许多人以为自己持有的是潜力股，但可能挖了好几年，得到的是一地鸡毛。
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　　走入“派币群”

　　记者注册海外ID后下载的派币App

　　派币，是其中一种比较特殊的存在，号称是可在手机上“挖矿”的加密lottery and How to find it 。据派币中文布道者官网介绍，派币由斯坦福大学博士团队打造，是给普通人的一次赚钱机会。

　　相对于挖比特币需要足够多的矿机，挖派币的方式堪称币圈最简单。据派币中文布道者网站显示，币友只需要下载派币App就能免费挖矿，不耗电、不费流量，每天只需点击一次，就能挖到派币。

　　据该网站一位工作人员说，派币的全球活跃“矿工”超过1800万，国外易货共识价格大概为100美元/1派币。

　　换句话说，现阶段Pi Network单纯靠“画饼”，就硬生生圈到了近两千万活跃用户。目前，派币的谷歌搜索结果达6.52亿条，接近比特币的8.33亿条搜索结果。

　　币圈有这么多一夜暴富的机会吗？这个“财富密码”到底是如何吹嘘出来的呢？

　　怀着好奇心，记者添加了派币安装助理的微信。记者在备用手机上注册了一个海外账号，才顺利下载了派币。

　　“你也可以买淘宝上的海外账号，但别人的账号只能使用一次。”这位安装助理手把手教记者如何注册海外账户，如何下载派币，再如何上传个人资料。“你设定一个手机闹钟，每天提醒自己进来，点击一次闪电挖矿。”

　　为了提高算力、增加挖币数量，他让记者多邀请朋友加入挖币。“每邀请一人，你就增加了0.05算力，挖的币就更多。”通过点击分享，就能拉更多手机通讯录的人进来一起挖矿。

　　在像游戏《黄金矿工》里的工具人一样挖了一天矿后，记者进了一个币友群。

　　没想到，这个矿友群很活跃，每天签到挖派币的人并不少。

　　有群友表示，自己努力挖矿两年了，为项目方贡献了不少流量。还有群友称，自己有8000个派币，是矿工里的富翁。

　　记者询问他们为何相信派币会变现时，有群友表示：“反正是0元薅羊毛，只要每天手机点一下，挖一挖也无妨，万一成真了呢？”

　　
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　　手机挖矿的“财富密码”

　　手机到底能不能“挖矿”？

　　香港中文大学（深圳）高等金融研究院研究员吴海峰博士表示，区块链、lottery and How to find it 等新兴技术视算力为核心竞争力，加密货币挖矿需要消耗大量算力，占用大量存储。比如，比特币是根据特定的算法，通过大量的计算产生的。为了“挖矿”，许多区块链项目开始搭建超级计算机，算力提供者与需要者的地理距离、网络拥堵、信号碰撞都是分布式计算领域的挑战。

　　“如果像派币描述的那样，用手机能‘挖矿’，说明这个项目的算法底层是比较简单的，肯定不会像比特币、ETH这样用心设计算法。后者的代码动辄超过百万行，都是靠超大算力的矿机维持‘挖矿’的。”

　　他否定了派币的应用价值，“挖一枚比特币消耗的电力非常大，付出的成本至少是电力价值。而手机也能不费存储挖币，说明成本非常低，边际成本可以忽略不计，注定他的市场价值非常低。”

　　他表示，加密货币出现的原因是为了保证安全性，因而对安全要求特别高的组织和个人才会考虑加密货币。派币的算法简单意味着可以被黑客攻破或解码，因而在币圈也缺乏公信力。

　　资深区块链行业专家、元界DNA创始人兼CEO顾颖告诉记者，手机挖矿与他对区块链的理念十分冲突，不过他对派币是否为“空气币”或传销不置可否。

　　那么，派币的“财富密码”是什么呢？2020年4月，派币APP上线了意向广告调查，让几百万活跃用户决定投放的商业广告类型，以在广告收入和用户体验间取得平衡。

　　之后，派币开屏广告便层出不穷。以下是两则派币广告：

　　派币项目方每天都有广告收入进账，但对派币主网出台时间、交易所上线时间一直态度含糊。目前，派币的主网并没有上线，代码也没有开源，还是一个中心化的系统。

　　不少群友认为，每天挖矿是在给项目方贡献流量，让项目方变现。这种模式和“天天签到领积分”没有什么区别。通过不断让群友提高预期，吸引更多人来挖矿，派币项目方就能获得足够的商业广告收入。

　　是传销？还是空气币？

　　许多币圈人士看来，派币扩张的模式和传销很类似。

　　要判断一个项目是不是传销，通常需要看两个特征：第一，是否收入门费，是否需要花钱投资；第二，是否需要拉人头发展下线，上线是否从下线处获取利益，利益的层级关系是否超过两级。

　　据多位币友和派币中文布道者助理介绍，派币不需要做任何金钱投入。但这位助理表示，可以通过层级关系赚钱。“派币总有一天可以上交易所交易的，建议多邀请新人，建立联络群，等能够进行场外OTC交易时，为群里互相交易派币提供担保，从而得到担保费用。”他认为，随着派币价格水涨船高，组织者就能将手中的派币变现。

　　从派币的挖币模式看，确实有“拉人头”嫌疑。用户邀请的人越多，活跃用户越多，挖矿速度就越快。比如一名用户邀请了10个人且都活跃，那么邀请奖励=10×25%×（基础速度+安全圈加成）。

　　有币友认为，派币早期设置了很高的挖币奖励，少数人囤积了大量派币。后期派币数量快速减半，挖矿难度大大增加。当派币可以交易时，囤积了大量派币的早期玩家可能造成砸盘套现的风险，这类模式和“空气币”非常类似。

　　这类“空气币”几乎都炮制了雷同的商业套路：

　　一是造币，创始团队在避税天堂注册一个空壳公司，依靠业内通用的技术方案完成白皮书并花几个月调试代码；

　　Secondly, packaging, through WeChat circles, lectures, and famous people standing by to promote the project to the sky.

　　Thirdly, raise private investment, through internal private placement and finding external investors, and then spending some listing fees to list on specific exchanges;

　　Fourthly, raise the price, publicize the soaring market, and attract investors to enter;

　　Finally, a large number of early players sold out in bulk.

　　Although it has not been settled yet whether the ‘dispatch coin’ is an ‘air coin,’ the journalist found that the US website of the ‘dispatch coin’ has not been registered, and the open-source code cannot be found on GitHub, which does not conform to the decentralized characteristics of blockchain.

　　According to the data of blockchain security company PeckShield (PaiDun), there were 151 fraud cases related to Online casino and How to find it in 2020, which increased by 37 times compared to 2018 and 4 times compared to 2019, causing losses of over 3.2 billion US dollars. Among them, there are many ‘air coins,’ such as Wuxing Coin, AE Coin, Wika Coin, Hero Chain HEC, and other typical cases that have been officially determined or investigated.

　　Yu Jiani, the rotating chairman of the Blockchain Special Committee of the China Communications Industry Association, said that ‘air coins’ mainly make a profit through issuing coins, multi-level recruitment, promoting the project to retail investors, and the project party selling a large number of chips to ‘cut the grass,’ which inevitably leads to numerous high-yield cases attracting players. The project party will create various illusions of making money by impersonating early investors and top investment institutions, attracting victims to invest. This is actually another model of online investment fraud, but it is just dressed up with the cloak of blockchain.

　　A senior person in the cryptocurrency circle said that the ‘dispatch coin organization’ uses a ‘Ponzi scheme’ to sell dispatch coins in a layered manner, allowing the upper organization to continuously make money from new members.

　　This person in the cryptocurrency circle believes that many Online casino and How to find it can be copied very easily, just by making simple modifications to the code parameters of Bitcoin. Many Online casino and How to find it have become an industrial chain in all aspects of production, trading, and operation. The ‘dispatch coin organization’ is just constantly hyping concepts to attract more ‘believers.’ Investors usually make a profit in a short time by attracting new investors to pay. However, as more people join, when the capital inflow is insufficient, the investors at the bottom will suffer losses.

　　Penetrate the fog and recognize the essence

　　Wu Haifeng said that in the cryptocurrency circle, such currencies are ‘as numerous as cow hairs,’ and the chance of survival is very small. Moreover, investors who join later may face the risk of ‘dumping the market’.

　　He said, ‘I learned that there are at least tens of thousands of virtual currencies being dug, but only a few can be traded on exchanges.’ Many currencies have failed to reach the exchange market, and some have been forcibly reset by the rule setters after holding a certain amount, resulting in investors investing a lot of energy in mining, only to find that the coins in their hands are worth nothing at the end.

　　He reminds traders that many coins are ‘cheating investors by using Musk’s confidence in Bitcoin,’ using the price of Bitcoin to push up investors’ expectations, such as saying that their coins have international certification and can be traded immediately, etc., thus causing many investors to buy ‘aircoins’ that cannot be monetized.

　　Currently, such virtual lottery and How to find it are emerging, Wu Haifeng worries that mobile phone mining will lead to users’ privacy being in a ‘naked running zone.’ He said that most of the App in the cryptocurrency circle can only be downloaded in the mobile app market with overseas IDs, and borrowing others’ IDs may upload files within their own mobile phones. These Online casino and How to find it Apps may also upload users’ privacy information during use, making users’ privacy run naked in the network world.

　　He suggests: ‘Generally, after uninstalling the App or disconnecting the own computing power node, users’ privacy information cannot be uploaded.’

　　Yu Jia Ning reminds investors that some scams disguised as blockchain may set a very low entry threshold for users in the early stage, including low operation threshold and free capital threshold, and promote the project through headhunting reward models and extensive publicity. At this stage, the essence is to build a multi-level distribution system. When it comes to the second stage, that is, when the project party begins to announce that the virtual currency can be transferred or traded, there is a possibility of capital circulation, it will provide an opportunity for the project party to sell tokens, and the risk will also increase greatly. Some projects also collect users’ privacy information in the name of blockchain or may profit from the sale of personal data.

　　So, how can investors avoid pitfalls? Yu Jia Ning summarized several key issues:

　　Firstly, be vigilant against blockchain projects with no risk and high returns, as the prices of encrypted assets fluctuate wildly, and ‘aircoins’ may become zero in extreme cases.

　　Secondly, avoid projects that use pyramid selling methods such as headhunting and multi-level commissions to monetize, as these传销式 marketing methods carry great risks.

　　Thirdly, learn to view the open-source programs on GitHub, which can be found on the blockchain browser, including all accurate information about the asset issuance, circulation, and transfer records.

　　Fourthly, blockchain projects that adopt off-exchange transactions or transactions on specific exchanges need to be carefully identified, as the prices are highly manipulated and cannot be freely deposited or withdrawn.

　　Many individuals in the digital payment field have said that many so-called Online casino and How to find it are often mixed with the good and the bad, with risks such as developers making money and running away, illegal fund-raising, and house owners controlling prices. In this ‘gray area’, the supervision should establish an Online casino and How to find it supervision and management system as soon as possible, and formulate relevant regulations for Online casino and How to find it.